Treatment for Sciatica

The good news about sciatica is that the majority of cases improve with conservative, non-surgical treatment within weeks to a few months.

First-Line Treatment

Staying moderately active, over-the-counter pain relievers, and applying heat or ice in the first few days can ease symptoms. Complete bed rest is generally not recommended, as it can slow recovery.

Physical Therapy

Targeted exercises that stretch and strengthen the muscles supporting the lower back and improve posture are one of the most effective treatments, both for easing current symptoms and reducing the chance of recurrence.

Medications and Injections

A doctor may prescribe anti-inflammatory medication, muscle relaxants, or, for more persistent pain, a steroid injection near the affected nerve to reduce inflammation and provide temporary relief while the underlying issue heals.

When Surgery Is Considered

Surgery (typically to remove the portion of a disc pressing on the nerve) is generally reserved for symptoms that haven't improved after six weeks to a few months of conservative treatment, or for significant, progressive weakness — it's a specific decision made with a specialist based on imaging and symptom severity, not a default next step.

This guide draws on clinical guidance from Mayo Clinic, the MSD Manuals, and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS).