Shoulder Pain

The shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body, and that flexibility comes at the cost of stability — making it prone to a distinct set of pain conditions.

Rotator Cuff Problems

The rotator cuff — a group of muscles and tendons stabilizing the shoulder — can become inflamed (tendonitis) from overuse, or tear from injury or age-related degeneration, both common causes of pain with overhead movement.

Frozen Shoulder

A condition causing progressive stiffness and pain that significantly limits range of motion, developing gradually over months; it's more common in people with diabetes and often resolves over one to three years, sometimes helped by physical therapy.

Instability and Dislocation

The shoulder's mobility makes it the most commonly dislocated major joint, especially from sports injuries or falls, and can lead to a feeling of looseness or repeated dislocation afterward.

Arthritis

Osteoarthritis or inflammatory arthritis can affect the shoulder joint, though less commonly than the knee or hip, typically causing a deeper, aching pain and stiffness.

Self-Care That Helps

For pain without red-flag features, rest from the aggravating activity, ice or heat, over-the-counter pain relievers, and gentle range-of-motion exercise are reasonable first steps — avoiding complete immobilization, which can worsen stiffness, especially with frozen shoulder.

When to See a Doctor

See a doctor for shoulder pain following an injury, an inability to move the arm normally, visible deformity, or pain that persists beyond a few weeks despite rest and self-care. Seek prompt same-day care if the shoulder is also accompanied by fever, warmth, or redness — these can be signs of a joint infection that needs urgent treatment.