Treatment for Knee Osteoarthritis

While knee osteoarthritis is a progressive condition without a cure, most people manage it effectively for years with non-surgical treatment.

Weight Management

Losing even a modest amount of excess weight meaningfully reduces the mechanical load on the knee joint and is one of the most effective interventions available, alongside being broadly beneficial for overall health.

Exercise and Physical Therapy

Low-impact exercise — swimming, cycling, and targeted strengthening of the muscles around the knee — improves joint stability and reduces pain, despite feeling counterintuitive when the joint hurts. Physical therapy helps build an appropriate, sustainable routine.

Medication

Over-the-counter pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medication help manage pain and inflammation for many people; a doctor may consider a corticosteroid injection into the joint for more significant flares. Because knee osteoarthritis is a long-term condition, regular or long-term use of anti-inflammatory medication carries real risks — including stomach bleeding, kidney problems, and cardiovascular risk — so check with a doctor or pharmacist before using it regularly, especially alongside other medications or existing health conditions; acetaminophen/paracetamol is a lower-risk option some people are advised to use instead.

Supportive Measures

A knee brace, shoe inserts, or a cane can reduce stress on the joint during daily activities for some people, depending on the specific pattern of wear.

When Surgery Is Considered

Knee replacement surgery is generally reserved for advanced cases with significant pain and disability that haven't responded adequately to the measures above — it's a major decision made together with an orthopedic surgeon, not an early-stage option.